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Inflammatory events in asthma: Role of Cytokine-IgE Axis and Inflammatory Cells |
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| Event |
Cell types involved |
Mediators |
Cell type affected |
Net effect |
|
|
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| Inflammation |
Antigen-presenting cell |
CSM |
T cells, B cells |
T cell activation Antibody synthesis |
| TNF alpha |
Endothelium |
Cell adhesion, recruitment |
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| Mast cells |
IL-4 |
T cells |
Th2 cell polarization |
|
| IL-4, IL-13 |
B cells |
IgE class switching |
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| IL-13 |
Goblet cell |
Mucus secretion CAM |
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| TNF-alpha |
Endothelium |
upregulation |
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| LTs |
Smooth muscles |
Contraction |
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| LTs, IL-5 |
Eosinophils |
Chemoattraction, survival |
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| Histamine |
Endothelium etc |
Edema, bronchospasm |
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| T cells |
IL-4, IL-13 |
B cells |
IgE class switching |
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| IL-5 |
Eosinophils |
Hematopoiesis, survival |
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| IL-9 |
Mast cells |
BHR, mast cell growth |
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| B cells |
IgE |
Mast cells, basophil |
Early phase response Mediator release |
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| Eosinophil |
MBP |
Epithelium, mast cells |
Injury, histamine release |
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| LTs |
Smooth muscle |
Contraction |
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| Cytokines |
Multiple types |
Inflammation |
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CSM = Costimulatory molecule; LTs = leukotrienes; MBP = Major Basic Protein of Eosinophil; BHR = Bronchial hyperresponsiveness | ||||
Miller et al. Clinical and Molecular Allergy 2008 6:4 doi:10.1186/1476-7961-6-4 |
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